Examination of the complexion (akriti pariksha)

The disease is diagnosed by reading the physical features of the face. It generally includes examining the skin colour, body structure and strength, height and weight. In the terms of Ayurveda it refers to the doshic influences that reflect on the face of the patient helping the physicians to gauge the basic constitution and the nature of the disease.

Examination of the eyes (drka pariksha)

The person having dry and smoky eyes with burning sensation indicates vatika disease. Yellow colour in eyes and burning sensation indicate diseases caused by pitta. In case of the kapha diseases dullness can be see in the eyes. Aggravated kapha makes the eyes wet and watery, and there is heaviness of the eyelids.

In epileptic patients, pupils tend to get push upwards.

Examination of the speech and voice ( shabda pariksha)

The balanced doshas produce natural and healthy voice. The aggravated kapha makes the voice heavy. It becomes cracked under pitta effect and hoarse & rough when afflicted by vata.

Examination of the tongue (jivha pariksha)

The state of the digestive system is also assessed by the condition of the tongue. A cold and rough tongue bearing cracks indicates a vata dosha. A red or blue colour of tongue indicates a pitta dosha. 

A white and slimy tongue indicates kapha dosha. 

If all the three doshas are aggravated, then the tongue is black and thorny eruptions come out.

Examination of the skin (sparsha pariksha)

It is also used for assessing the state of organs and tissue. The important clinical method for examination of skin is palpation. A vata aggravated skin is course & rough with below normal temperature, a pitta-influenced skin has quite high temperature and kapha affected it becomes cold & wet.

Examination of the stool (mala pariksha)

The stool carries a foul odour and sinks in water, if there is a poor digestion and absorption of food. Aggravated vatamakes the stool hard, dry and grey in colour. Excess pitta makes it green / yellow in colour and liquid in form. And high kapha lines it with mucus.

There are various references of colour, smell and consistency of stool in different diseases.

Examination of urine (mutra pariksha)

It is usually done by examining the sample of urine and questioning the patient. The urine should be collected in the early morning and stored in the glass bottle. Pale yellow colour of urine indicates vata dosha. Red colour of urine indicates pitta dosha.  

If the colour of urine is white and foams are there, then it indicates the dominance of kapha dosha.   

Oil drops are used for further examination of urine. In the oil test the effect of an oil drop on urine sample suggests the curability of disease.

Examination of the pulses ( nadi pariksha)