Causes and Symptoms of Cat scratch disease
What is Cat scratch disease?
Cat scratch disease (CSD) is an infectious disease caused by the intracellular bacterium known as bartonella henselae. The disease is also known as Cat scratch fever and Bartonellosis.
What are the Causes, incidence, and risk factors associated with Cat scratch disease?
This infectious illness is perceived to spread through cat scratches or bites, or contact with cat saliva. After approximately 2 weeks of infectious cat exposure, lymphadenopathy (a swelling in lymph nodes) appears around the site of injury through cat bite or scratch. CSD is most commonly found in children causing chronic lymph node swelling. An infected lymph node also called as fistula might also occur in form of a tunnel through the skin and drain.
What are the symptoms of Cat scratch disease?
Persons suffering from Cat scratch disease can have a varied range of illnesses. Following are the most common symptoms, shown by the patient:
• Bump (papule) or swelling (pustule) at injury site
• Lymph node swelling near the injury site
• Fever
• Tiredness
• Depression
• Headache
Some of the other symptoms include:
• Appetite loss
• Weight loss
• Splenomegaly (enlargement in spleen)
• Soaring of throat
• Draining of lymph nodes
What are tests of Cat scratch disease?
CSD often goes unidentified due to complexity in testing. However, few tests are available to detect CSD effectively. One such test to detect infection caused by this bacterium is Bartonella henselae IFA test. Other tests used in the diagnosis of cat scratch disease include Lymph node biopsy, which detects causes for swollen glands.
What are the common treatments for Cat scratch disease?
Generally medical treatment is not required in case of CSD. However, in critical cases, patients are put on antibiotics. Patients suffering from AIDS or having improper immune systems are recommended antibiotic treatment for recovery.
What are the complications in Cat scratch disease?
Following are complications in case of CSD:
• Parinaud’s syndrome
• Encephalopathy
• Neuroretinitis
• Osteomyelitis
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